Hiện tại là thời điểm bà con bón phân cho lúa và chuẩn bị bón phân đốn đòng. Để việc sử dụng phân bón đạt hiệu quả trong điều kiện thời tiết nắng nóng, hạn hán kéo dài, nhất là hạn không khí, đề nghị bà con nông dân cần nắm những đặc điểm sau đây:
Agronomic characteristics and environmental requirements
Rice is the most important food crop, accounting for the highest area and output. In our country, rice can be grown in different regions of our country but is most grown in the Mekong Delta, Red River Delta and Central Coastal Delta.
Rice is an annual crop that can be grown on many different types of soil such as alluvial soil, alum soil, gray soil, and sandy soil. Rice is a water-loving crop, the suitable temperature for rice is 20-30oC. Rice can be grown in all seasons, but there are usually two main rice crops a year: the Winter-Spring rice crop and the Summer-Autumn rice crop. Depending on the growth characteristics of rice varieties, people divide them into varieties. Rice: seasonal rice varieties (>140 days), mid-season rice varieties (105-140 days) and short-term rice varieties (<105 days).
Rice plants can be planted in different forms: sowing (wet sowing, dry sowing, underground sowing) or transplanting (field seedling, yard seedling, tray seedling, ...). Wet sowing (regular sowing) is the most popular method of rice cultivation in the Mekong Delta.
Nutritional requirements
Rice plants need all 3 groups of macronutrients, macronutrients and micronutrients, including macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Rice plants need nitrogen throughout the growth process, but the highest amount of protein is needed during the seedling, tillering and tillering stages. Rice plants need a lot of phosphorus in the early stages of growth (seedlings and tillering). As for potassium, rice plants need a lot at the seedling, flowering and flowering stages.
Although rice plants need smaller amounts of secondary and trace elements, they are essential for rice growth and development, especially Si, Ca, Mg, Boron, etc.
Theo Dobermann và Fairhurst (2000), để có năng suất 10 tấn lúa/ha, cây đã lấy đi từ đất trung bình 175kg N, 30kg P2O5 và 170kg K2O, 0.5kg Zn, 18kg S, 800kg Si, 35kg Mg, 40kg Ca, 5kg Fe, 5kg Mn, 0.12kg Cu, 0.15kg B.
Kỹ thuật bón phân cho lúa
* Original fertilizer:
The amount of fertilizer for rice depends on the rice variety, season and soil type. The table below shows how to fertilize short-term rice on some main soil types in the Mekong Delta.
| Soil type | Fertilizer session | |||
| Manuring
(Before sowing) |
Step 1: Seedlings
(7-12 NSS) |
Step 2: Branching out
(18-22 NSS) |
Step 3: Making fields
(40-45 NSS |
|
| Gray soil
(85-60-60) |
150 kg of super phosphate | 30 kg DAP
20 kg Urea 50 kg NPK30-9-9TE 40 kg KCl. |
50 kg DAP
50 kg Urea
|
40 kg Urea
50 Kg CanNiBo 50 kg KCl |
| Heavy alkaline soil
(90-95-30) |
300 kg of fused phosphate | 50 kg DAP
20 kg Urea 50 kg NPK30-9-9TE
|
50 kg DAP
50 kg Urea
|
40 kg Urea
50 Kg CanNiBo 50 kg KCl |
| Light alkaline soil or alluvial soil
(80-70-45) |
200 kg of super phosphate | 30 kg DAP
50 kg NPK30-9-9TE 20 kg KCl. |
50 kg DAP
50 kg Urea
|
50 kg Urea
50 Kg CanNiBo 50 kg KCl |
* Foliar fertilizer:
Rice plants can quickly and effectively absorb nutrients through their leaves. Foliar spraying is a method of supplementing nutrients, especially micronutrients, during the plant's nutrient crisis period at the time of tillering, flowering, before and after flowering.
Viet Gia Minh fertilizer for rice plants
| Stage | Fertilizer | ||||
| Seedlings (7-15 days after radiation)
|
Rooting | Amino Acids | Worm fluid | Roots Bio | |
| Branching, plant hardening (15-30 days after radiation) | Humic | Amino Acids | Worm fluid | Hard tree | Dwarf tree with short internodes |
| Cultivation (40-55 days after radiation) | Fat buds bloom | Milk potassium | Black potassium | ||
| Blossom | No rice | Ago Star | |||
| Suck the milk, curl the tamarind fruit | Super big seeds | No rice | Ago Star | ||
We hope the information we provide above will be useful to you and your children. Thank you.
