{"id":3306,"date":"2024-11-01T14:26:25","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T07:26:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vietgiaminh.com.vn\/?p=3306"},"modified":"2024-11-01T14:26:25","modified_gmt":"2024-11-01T07:26:25","slug":"benh-chet-nhanh-o-ho-tieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vietgiaminh.com.vn\/en\/benh-chet-nhanh-o-ho-tieu\/","title":{"rendered":"BI\u1ec6N PH\u00c1P PH\u00d2NG TR\u1eca B\u1ec6NH CH\u1ebeT NHANH \u1ede H\u1ed2 TI\u00caU"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5, ch\u1ebft d\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. <\/span>\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbt \u1ea9m gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a, m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u n\u00ean t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh di\u1ec5n ra ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 H\u1ed3 Ti\u00eau d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh \u1edf H\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

– Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh do n\u1ea5m Phytophthora palmivora g\u00e2y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5m Phytophthora palmivora l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m th\u1ee7y sinh n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. B\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, l\u00e2y lan m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0 30\u00baC, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u, m\u01b0a d\u1ea7m, \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 cao.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i Phytophthora c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 Fusarium<\/a>, Pythyum, Rhizoctoniasolanii,<\/a>\u2026v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c\u00a0 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 l\u00e1, r\u1ec5, th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh\u2026 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau t\u1eeb 3, 4 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 5-7% s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ch\u1ebft th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e2y trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh \u1edf H\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

– B\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y t\u1eeb th\u00e2n, l\u00e1, hoa, tr\u00e1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 r\u1ec5. Nh\u01b0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cho c\u00e2y ti\u00eau b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t l\u00e0 khi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 r\u1ec5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ti\u00eau \u0111ang t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t b\u1ecb h\u00e9o r\u0169, kh\u00f4 \u0111en r\u1ea5t nhanh, ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u00edt l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng \u00faa, th\u00e2n th\u1ed1i \u0111en, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2m \u0111en l\u00e2y lan d\u1ea7n l\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00e2y ti\u00eau h\u00e9o r\u0169 r\u1ea5t nhanh, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e1 h\u00e9o r\u0169 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y ti\u00eau t\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i do \u01b0\u1edbt s\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e2n c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u th\u00e2m \u0111en v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. B\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y ti\u00eau b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5 (ngang m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t) ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m th\u1ed1i c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0 th\u1ed1i n\u00e0y lan d\u1ea7n l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e2y ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, th\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00ec m\u1ee7, th\u00e2m \u0111en c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t. B\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y l\u00e1 ti\u00eau h\u01a1i r\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u00e1 r\u1ee5ng \u00e0o \u1ea1t c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 2-7 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi ti\u00eau ch\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong v\u00f2ng 1-2 tu\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m, vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ,g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5, n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n th\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 t\u01a1, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ebft n\u1ed1t s\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng hay r\u1ec7p s\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1ecf r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (v\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5) \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa r\u1ea5t nhanh trong v\u00f2ng 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n r\u1ec5 \u0111ang t\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1eafng c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u00f4i tanh. L\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00e1c b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn. Khi m\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ta quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ecb th\u00e2m \u0111en, ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c ng\u1ea3 sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee5c, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00e2y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb suy ki\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3 h\u00e9o r\u0169 r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan t\u1eeb c\u00e2y n\u00e0y qua c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan qua ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (ch\u00f3, g\u00e0\u2026) l\u00e2y lan qua di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng d\u00f9ng chung.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e2y l\u00e2y lan ng\u1ea7m qua s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a hai l\u1edbp r\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c khi c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 \u0103n r\u1ea5t xa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m ngay trong g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft khi c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft nhanh th\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. Do v\u1eady ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ec7nh, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch r\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau. Qua \u0111\u00f3 ta ph\u00e2n l\u00f4, khoanh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u00f9ng khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh \u1edf H\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/em><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, b\u00e0 con c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau:<\/span><\/p>\n